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Talking about the precision instrument tester

The traditional optical, thermal, electrochemical, chromatographic and spectral analysis technologies have been transformed from the classical application mode of talking about precision instruments and detectors and manual operation in the laboratory into an integrated and automatic structure of light, machine, electricity and calculation (computer), and are developing into an intelligent system (with high intelligent functions such as self diagnosis, self-control, self adjustment and self judgment and decision-making). The multi-purpose and expandable configuration mode and the software and hardware technology of multi-functional computer usually include modules such as data processing, curve fitting, comprehensive calculation, data analysis, automatic control, self diagnosis and alarm, communication, networking, qualitative analysis, semi quantitative analysis, etc. Which greatly enriches the application means of analyzing the tester.

1. Instruments and equipment are large and complex, and are not easy to popularize

The relative error of spectral analysis is generally 5-20%. When the content is more than 1%, the accuracy of spectral method is poor; When the content is 0.1-1% or less, its accuracy is better than that of chemical analysis. This method is mainly applied to trace and trace analysis. Therefore, photoelectric direct reading spectrometer is generally used for chemical composition analysis of steel samples. X-ray fluorescence analysis has good accuracy and accuracy in a wide range of concentrations, and it can be analyzed from constant to trace except for lighter elements. Therefore, the X-ray fluorescence spectrum analyzer is often used to analyze the chemical composition of pig iron and other mineral samples.

2. The instrumental analysis method and the chemical analysis method cooperate with each other

(4) Make full use of external resources for technical support (such as technical support network of instrument manufacturers, information network of scientific research institutions, etc.).

At present, most of the analytical instruments and their auxiliary equipment are relatively precise and expensive. Most of the analytical instruments are equipped with microprocessors or microcomputer systems, especially some combination machines. For example, the color mass spectrometer is connected with two large-scale analytical instruments, i.e. the chromatograph and the mass spectrometer, the ion probe analyzer is connected with the plasma generator and the mass spectrometer, and the electron probe analyzer is connected with the electron microscope and the X-ray spectrometer. Each of these large-scale and complex precision instruments needs several hundred thousand yuan, and many of them need foreign exchange to be imported from abroad. All kinds of analytical instruments usually need to be equipped with professional personnel for operation, maintenance and management. Therefore, some large-scale precision analytical instruments are not easy to popularize and apply.

3. Establishment of technical support team

Multifunctional, automatic and intelligent features

(1) A refined team composed of chemical analysis professionals and technicians, as the support of method research and instrumental analysis in chemical analysis;

Domestic metallurgical enterprises urgently need to improve the instrumentation of steel analysis and detection

The traditional process of steel analysis and detection is mainly based on manual chemical analysis, which is often called "wet analysis". This analysis method is characterized by long process, high intensity, single function, poor stability and large human error.

Most domestic large-scale iron and steel enterprises have rapidly improved the level of analysis and detection equipment by introducing foreign advanced instruments. In the main production system of iron and steel enterprises, photoelectric direct reading spectrometer (OES) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) are usually used to implement the so-called instrumental analysis improvement. This kind of instrument is a large-scale precision instrument that uses physical electric energy to excite the atoms of different chemical elements in the sample to make energy level transition to produce different spectra and convert them into electrical signals for quantitative detection.

Problems to be further solved

As instrumental analysis is a relative analysis method, most instrumental analysis requires chemical pure products as standard samples, and the components of chemical pure products are mostly determined by chemical analysis method. In most instrumental analysis methods, the sample processing (sample dissolution, interference separation, test solution preparation, etc.) needs the basic operation techniques commonly used in chemical analysis methods. When establishing new instrumental analysis methods, chemical analysis is often required to verify them. Especially for the analysis of some complex substances, it is often necessary to conduct comprehensive analysis by instrumental analysis and chemical analysis. For example, the main content is determined by chemical analysis and the trace impurities are determined by instrumental analysis. Therefore, chemical analysis and instrumental analysis complement each other. In application, we can learn from each other's strong points and complement each other's weak points according to specific conditions.

Good selectivity and high sensitivity

Accuracy and stability characteristics

Instrumental analysis can be used for simultaneous multi-element analysis. When direct reading spectroscopy is used for furnace front analysis, the analysis results of 20 or 30 elements in the steel sample can be obtained at the same time within a few minutes, which is conducive to the intermediate control of the steel production process and the acceleration of steel making. The sample processing of instrumental analysis is generally simpler than that of chemical analysis, which greatly improves the analysis speed. The application of instrumental analysis method in steel analysis and detection simplifies the sample preparation process. The preparation of steel samples only requires simple surface polishing and crack microscope, and eliminates the complicated processes such as sample crushing, acid dissolution and heating decomposition, chemical reaction, colorimetric analysis and manual reading in the process of manual analysis. In addition, advanced electronic technology and computer technology are widely used in instrument analysis, which greatly improves the automation of instrument operation (automatic sample injection, automatic calibration, data recording, report printing, fault diagnosis, etc.) and the speed of data processing.